9. An Happiness Beyond All Suffering: The Four Truths of the Noble Ones
OVERVIEW
"This is the noble truth of suffering,
This is the noble truth of the origin,
This is the noble truth of cessation,
This is the noble truth of the way. "
It is with these few words of extraordinary depth that the Buddha first taught in Sārnāth, India, near the holy city of Vārāṇasī, thus describing the mechanisms of suffering and the means to free oneself from it.
WHAT IS INCLUDED IN THESE TEACHINGS?
Through these teachings, Rinpoche unveils to us the meaning of the Four Truths of Noble Beings, making sure to show us how to apply this invaluable instruction in our lives. Along the way, Rinpoche addresses in turn the different statements dispensed by the Buddha, according to different degrees of depth, until highlighting their sixteen aspects. Is suffering inevitable? Is it an integral part of existence? Is it possible to live without ever having to suffer again? Does unalterable happiness exist? Rinpoche invites us to explore little by little, with all the delicacy and depth of the world, these fundamental questions. In the background, he shows us all the relevance of this teaching, which dates back from more than 2,500 years ago, for our troubled times and the challenges that lay ahead.
WHAT WILL YOU LEARN?
These teachings will invite you to reflect from a new angle on the different aspects of your experiences of suffering, until you recognize them more precisely for what they are. On this basis, you will be led to understand their origin, and you will be able to determine by your own reflection that the possibility of an happiness forever free from all suffering exists. These realizations are key for a genuine aspiration for liberation to arise in you, and from there, an inextinguishable compassion.
Available teachings

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                <h3><a class="subcategory-name" href="https://www.dagporinpoche.org/en/113-what-is-samsara-and-how-to-get-free-from-it-jakarta-2012">What is samsara and how to get free from it - Jakarta - 2012</a></h3> 
                <div class="subcategory-description">If you suffer from an illness and a doctor finally finds its cause and provides you with a cure that has the capacity to dispel it, you feel relieved and grateful, and take this treatment to heart. In this two-day teaching, Rinpoche reveals to us with exceptionnal clarity how all our sufferings,...</div>   
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                <h3><a class="subcategory-name" href="https://www.dagporinpoche.org/en/39-the-four-noble-truths-avignon-2013">The four noble truths - Avignon - 2013</a></h3> 
                <div class="subcategory-description">Rinpoche offers us here a detailed explanation of the four noble truths - the first teaching given by the Buddha after his Enlightenment, through their sixteen characteristics. He thus describes with exceptional clarity the way in which we are bound to suffering and the way to free ourselves from...</div>   
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                <h3><a class="subcategory-name" href="https://www.dagporinpoche.org/en/87-the-four-noble-truths-monaco-2013">The four noble truths - Monaco - 2013</a></h3> 
                <div class="subcategory-description">In this very first teaching given by the Buddha after his Enlightenment are contained all the themes that he would be teaching unceasingly during the forty-five years that followed. In other words, the entire spiritual path can be presented and meditated on through the four noble truths. And this...</div>   
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                <h3><a class="subcategory-name" href="https://www.dagporinpoche.org/en/73-the-sufferings-of-samsara-neuchatel-2014">The sufferings of samsara - Neuchâtel - 2014</a></h3> 
                <div class="subcategory-description">The first words of the Buddha after his Enlightenment invited his disciples to identify with great lucidity their situation of suffering. Without this essential step, it would indeed be impossible to even wish to free oneself from it. Rinpoche accompanies us here in an exploration of our...</div>   
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                <h3><a class="subcategory-name" href="https://www.dagporinpoche.org/en/89-the-sixteen-aspects-of-the-four-noble-truths-mont-saleve-2017">The sixteen aspects of the four noble truths - Mont Salève - 2017</a></h3> 
                <div class="subcategory-description">Fundamental teaching of the first cycle of teachings given by the Buddha, the four noble truths describe in just a few words the different aspects of suffering, its origin, its cessation and the path to freedom from it. In order to meditate on them in depth and to give ourselves the possibility...</div>   
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